Singapore Unpacked | Episode 4 – The CMIO model — is it still relevant?
May 19, 2025
Every now and then, discussions on the CMIO model — Chinese, Malay, Indian and Others — resurface in Singapore, debating its usefulness and relevance. In the latest 2024 Institute of Policy Studies survey on Race, Religion and Language which polled 4,000 Singaporean residents, when asked whether to keep, remove or change the CMIO framework, as many as one in five respondents (22 per cent) chose the “not sure” option, while the majority wanted the framework to stay. What does this mean for Singaporeans, and how does it impact those who fall under the “Other” category?
In this episode of Singapore Unpacked, host Liang Kaixin sits down with Dr Mathew Mathews, Principal Research Fellow and Head of IPS Social Lab, and Elliott Danker, a media consultant, to explore what those numbers mean for how Singaporeans view race, identity and belonging.
Dr Mathew explains that, while academics often critique the CMIO categories for privileging fixed group identities, most Singaporeans still see the model as an everyday administrative necessity, from housing quotas to self-help group membership. Elliott Danker, drawing on his own experience as an Eurasian — which falls into the “Others” category — describes how he and his family members differ in their views of this category. He reflects on Eurasian traditions, growing up with mixed heritage, and on how today’s intermarriages and “new Eurasians” challenge the neat categories of the past.
The episode explores how a more inclusive racial model might better capture Singapore’s evolving multiracial reality, and as Singapore absorbs new citizens from all corners of the globe, how can we retain this administrative tool without constraining our sense of kinship and shared national identity?
About our Guests Dr Mathew Mathews Principal Research Fellow Head of Social Lab
Dr Mathew Mathews is Head, IPS Social Lab and Principal Research Fellow at the Institute of Policy Studies, National University of Singapore. He also leads the IPS Programme on Race, Religion and Intergroup Cohesion which regularly conducts workshops on diversity matters.
Mathews has been the lead investigator of over 70 research projects, most of them related to social policy. His work on identity and social cohesion includes several national surveys examining ethnic, religious and national identity, as well as support for policies and interventions to maintain social harmony. Mathews has published on ethnic identity and harmony building in a range of books and journals. He has also led forums and conferences on these issues.Mathews is President of Alive Community Network and sits on the boards of OnePeople.sg, National Volunteer and Philanthropy Centre and Money Sense Council. He is a Research Advisor to the Ministry of Social and Family Development.
Elliott Danker Media Consultant
Elliott Danker is currently a media consultant focused on business and brand development through audio channels like podcasting as well as media training and interview negotiations. He specialises in geopolitical, policy, law and tech interviews.
He is a former anchor presenter and founding member of Money FM 89.3 and has almost 20 years of experience in the media industry. Elliott is also an Executive Board member for the Singapore Hockey Federation as well as a Brand Ambassador for First Drop Profights, focused on developing the growth of boxing in markets like Taiwan, South Korea, Japan and the Philippines.”
Find Out More:
For more on the CMIO model and Singapore’s multiracial policies, visit IPScommons.sg or follow @IPSsg on Instagram.